This module covers the instrumentation of commonly used spectroscopic and chromatographic equipment in the pharmaceutical industry. UV/Vis and Fourier transform infrared spectrometers (FTIR) will be described. An introduction to chromatographic techniques such as thin layer chromatography (TLC), gas chromatography (GC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is given. Theory and pharmaceutical applications of chromatographic techniques given, including qualitative and quantitative analysis.
Section A:
Spectroscopy Electromagnetic spectrum, transmittance and absorbance. Analytical applications of Beers law.
Zeroing the instrument, use of blanks, data interpretation, working with concentration units, applying a dilution factor.
Deviations from Beers law. Single beam Uv/Vis spectrometer. Light sources, monochromator, optics, detectors. Double beam instrument. Other means of background correction, Linear photodiode array detector, charge transfer devices.
Interferometry. Infra red sources, detectors, optics, relation between interferogram and spectrum.
Section B:
Chromatography Overview of separation science, partition and adsorption chromatography and an introduction to column chromatography.
Chromatographic Terms: partition coefficients, retention time, retention factor, selectivity factor and resolution.
Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC): mobile and stationary phases used. Developing a method for TLC and identifying the appropriate visualising reagent.
Gas chromatography: sample injection, ovens (temperature ranges & rates of increase), detectors, stationary phases (columns), carrier gases.
High performance liquid chromatography: pumps, columns, mobile phase selection, solvent gradient/isocratic, detectors. Partition chromatography, normal and reversed phase.
Applications of TLC, GC and HPLC to a range of pharmaceutical applications.
Spectroscopy
Spectroscopy Electromagnetic spectrum, transmittance and absorbance. Analytical applications of Beers law. Spectroscopy data interpretation, working with concentration units, applying dilution factors.Deviations from Beers law. Single beam UV/Vis spectrometer. Light sources, monochromator, optics, detectors. Double beam instrument. Other means of background correction, Linear photodiode array detector, charge transfer devices.Interferometry. Infra red sources, detectors, optics, relation between interferogram and spectrum.
Chromatography
Chromatography Overview of separation science, partition and adsorption chromatography and an introduction to column chromatography.Chromatographic Terms and calculation of chromatographic parameters: retention time, retention factor, selectivity factor and resolution.Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC): mobile and stationary phases used. Developing a method for TLC and identifying the appropriate visualising reagent.Gas chromatography: sample injection, ovens (temperature ranges & rates of increase), detectors, stationary phases (columns), carrier gases.High performance liquid chromatography: pumps, columns, mobile phase selection, solvent gradient/isocratic, detectors. Partition chromatography, normal and reversed phase.Applications of TLC, GC and HPLC to a range of pharmaceutical applications.
The module is delivered through a series of lectures, tutorials, laboratory practical classes and self-study.
| Module Content & Assessment | |
|---|---|
| Assessment Breakdown | % |
| Other Assessment(s) | 100 |