Initially some fundamental aspects of fluids are dealt with which forms a basis for an analysis of turbulent flow in
closed conduits which in turn forms the basis of an analysis of fluid flow networks. Subsequently the material is
consolidated in two case studies considered - fluid flow in porous media and centrifugal fan design.
Fundamental Aspects
Viscosity: Laminar and Turbulent Flow- Derivation of basic equations. Variation in viscosity with fluid
temperature. Euler's and Bernoulli's equations. Pressure changes in pipe flow. Venturi, Pitot and orifice
measurements.
Turbulent flow in conduits
Turbulent flow of air in ducts. Theoretical treatment and analysis of pressure drop coefficients in duct and pipe
fittings. Implications for duct system design. Examination of the relative impact of surface roughness, velocity,
dimensional changes. Theory of static pressure regain. Sizing distribution systems by static pressure regain
methods.
Flow in non-circular ducts
Hydraulic diameter, equivalent diameter for equal volume flow
Fluid flow networks
Fluid flow networks. Pressure head at junctions and determination of fluid flow rate. Derivation of equations for
more rapid solution techniques. Hardy-Cross method. Derivation of equations. Ring main sizing with and
without variation in friction factor. Applications.
Case Studies
Particle mechanics and filters. Kozeny-Carman equation. Drag forces, terminal velocity. Flow through porous
media and fluidised beds. Fan design theory. Theoretical pressure and volume developed in centrifugal fans.
Vector diagrams. Theoretical power characteristics. Vortex casing equation.
| Module Content & Assessment | |
|---|---|
| Assessment Breakdown | % |
| Formal Examination | 80 |
| Other Assessment(s) | 20 |